First things first: SPLIT THE QUESTION INTO 2 PARTS. Ask yourself, can I answer BOTH parts of this question? If the answer is No! then choose another question where you can!
Secondly, focus on the KEYWORDS. . . invariably the question will be asking for you to explore a concept. If it is an idea that you know nothing about . . . take quantum physics for example, then you may be better to move onto another question where at least you will know something of the topic.
Think about what the question is actually asking. What are you expected to include in your answer? What material will be relevant? The most common complaint from markers is that the student didn't answer the question. Demonstrate that you are answering the question.
In your introduction show how you understand the question and outline how you will answer it. Make one point or argument per paragraph and summarise to show how it answers the question. Shortish paragraphs with one or two pieces of evidence are sufficient.
In your conclusion summarise the arguments to answer the question.
Plan before you write – The stress of working under time constraints in the exam room can make all your good study intentions disappear. However, this is when it's more important than ever to get your ideas across clearly and concisely.
Take a few minutes to think and plan: Underline the key words in the question; Identify the main topic and discussion areas.. Choose a few points/arguments about which you can write . Make a mini-plan which puts them in order before you start writing. You can cross it through afterwards.
What to do if your mind goes blank – most students fear this happening. If it does – put your pen down, take a deep breath, sit back and relax for a moment. If you're in the middle of an answer, read through what you have written so far – what happens next? If you have to remember formulae, try associating them with pictures or music while revising. If you really can't progress with this answer, leave a gap. It will probably come back to you once you are less anxious.
Divide up your time to cover each section of the essay. Be very economical – make one point support it with evidence and then move on to the next point.
If you really can't finish in time, briefly list the points you wanted to make as bullet points – they could pick you up a few marks.